Chemistry Notes Class XI
As Per CBSE (NCERT) Books
Chapter Wise-Notes PDF ( Board Level )
Chapter 1 - Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
General Introduction: Importance and scope of chemistry.
Nature of matter, laws of chemical combination, Dalton's atomic theory: the concept of elements, atoms, and molecules.
Atomic and molecular masses, mole concept and molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formula, chemical reactions, stoichiometry and calculations based on stoichiometry.
Chapter 2 - Structure of Atom
Bohr's model and its limitations, concept of shells and subshells, dual nature of matter and light, de Broglie's relationship, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, concept of orbitals, quantum numbers, shapes of s, p and d orbitals, rules for filling electrons in orbitals - Aufbau principle, Pauli's exclusion principle and Hund's rule, electronic configuration of atoms, stability of half-filled and completely filled orbitals.
Chapter 3 - Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties
Modern periodic law and the present form of periodic table, periodic trends in properties of elements -atomic radii, ionic radii, inert gas radii, Ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, electronegativity, valency. Nomenclature of elements with atomic number greater than 100
Chapter 4 -Chemical Bonding and Molecular structure
Valence electrons, ionic bond, covalent bond, bond parameters, Lewis structure, polar character of covalent bond, covalent character of ionic bond, valence bond theory, resonance, geometry of covalent molecules, VSEPR theory, concept of hybridization, involving s, p and d orbitals and shapes of some simple molecules, molecular orbital theory of homonuclear diatomic molecules(qualitative idea only), hydrogen bond.
Chapter 5 - States of Matter: Gases, Liquids and Solids
Three states of matter, intermolecular interactions, types of bonding, melting and boiling points, role of gas laws in elucidating the concept of the molecule, Boyle's law, Charles law, Gay Lussac's law, Avogadro's law, ideal behaviour, empirical derivation of gas equation, Avogadro's number, ideal gas equation.
Deviation from ideal behavior, liquefaction of gases,
the critical temperature, kinetic energy
mathematical derivations)
Chapter 6 - Chemical Thermodynamics
Concepts of System and types of systems, surroundings, work, heat, energy, extensive
First law of thermodynamics -internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity and specific heat, measurement of AU and AH, Hess's law of constant heat summation, enthalpy of bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, ionization, solution, and dilution. Etc
Chapter 7 - Equilibrium
Equilibrium in physical and chemical processes, dynamic nature of equilibrium,
Factors affecting
Chapter 8 - Redox Reactions
of redox reactions.
Chapter 9 - Hydrogen
Position of hydrogen in periodic table, occurrence, isotopes, preparation, properties and uses of hydrogen, hydrides-ionic covalent and interstitial; physical and chemical properties of water, heavy water, hydrogen peroxide-preparation, reactions and structure, and use; hydrogen as a fuel.
Chapter 10 - s Block Elements (Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals)
The s-Block Elements Group 1 and Group 2 Elements General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, anomalous properties of the first element of each group, diagonal relationship, trends in the variation of properties (such as ionization enthalpy, atomic and ionic radii), trends in chemical reactivity with oxygen, water, hydrogen and halogens, uses. Etc
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Chapter 11 - The p-Block Elements Group
General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence,
Group 14 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence,
Chapter 12 : Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques
General introduction, methods of purification, qualitative and quantitative analysis, classification and IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds. Electronic displacements in a
covalent bond: inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance, and hyperconjugation.
Homolytic and heterolytic fission of a covalent bond: free radicals, carbocations, carbanions, electrophiles and nucleophiles, types of organic reactions.
Chapter 13 : Hydrocarbons
Classification of Hydrocarbons
Aliphatic Hydrocarbons:
Chapter 14 - Environmental Chemistry
Environmental pollution - air, water and soil pollution, chemical reactions in the atmosphere, smog, major atmospheric pollutants, acid rain, ozone, and its reactions, effects of depletion
of the ozone layer, greenhouse effect, and global warming- pollution due to industrial wastes, green chemistry as an alternative tool for reducing pollution, strategies for control of environmental pollution.
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